Web Directory

» ADW: Class Holothuroidea
   Photographs and information on the sea cucumbers from the Animal Diversity Web.
   http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Holothuroidea.html

» Athyonidium chilensis
   Images and brief information about this Chilean species (Dendrochirotida: Cucumariidae).
   http://www.spc.int/coastfish/News/BDM/13/02.Ravest.html

» Bathyplotes bongraini
   Photographs and information on this large sea cucumber found in Antarctic waters.
   http://www.peterbrueggeman.com/nsf/fguide/echinodermata13.html

» Cotton-Spinner (Holothuria forskali)
   Whilst diving round the coasts of Britain, Jane Lilley observed this sea cucumber and its behavior.
   http://www.glaucus.org.uk/Cotton.htm

» Cucumaria frondosa
   Exercise from Invertebrate Anatomy OnLine covering the systematics, external and internal anatomy of this sea cucumber.
   http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/cucumaria.html

» Cucumaria spp.
   Photograph and information on this unidentified sea cucumber found here perched on algae.
   http://www.peterbrueggeman.com/nsf/fguide/echinodermata27.html

» Cucumber Defenses
   Rob Toonen's comments about the defense mechanisms of sea cucumbers.
   http://www.reefs.org/library/article/r_toonen2.html

» Echinopsolus acanthocola
   Photograph and information on this sea cucumber which is a suspension feeder.
   http://www.peterbrueggeman.com/nsf/fguide/echinodermata4.html

» Heterocucumis steineni
   Photographs and information on this sea cucumber, one of the most widely spread species in the Weddell Sea.
   http://www.peterbrueggeman.com/nsf/fguide/echinodermata28.html

» Holothuria forskali: Black Sea Cucumber
   Photographs and a description of this species.
   http://www.european-marine-life.org/30/holothuria-forskali.php

» Holothuroidea
   Introduction, characteristics, phylogenetic relationships and fossil history of the sea cucumber, from the Tree of Life Web Project.
   http://tolweb.org/Holothuroidea

» Holothuroidea - Sea Cucumbers
   Overview, including characteristics, taxonomy, phylogenetic relationships, and fossil history.
   http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Holothuroidea&contgroup=Echinodermata

» Istichopus badionotus
   Taxonomy, description and photograph of this sea cucumber.
   http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Isticho_badion.htm

» Sclerodactyla briareus
   Exercise from Invertebrate Anatomy OnLine covering the systematics, external and internal anatomy of this sea cucumber, with notes on Cucumaria.
   http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/sclerodactyla.html

» Sea Cucumber: Holothuria pardalis
   Research project by Ka Wai Hui on this species, including its classification, habitat, reproduction, nutrition, adaptations and use to humans.
   http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2008/hui_ka/

» Sea Cucumbers - Class Holothuroidea
   Description and interesting facts.
   http://oz.plymouth.edu/~lts/invertebrates/Primer/text/holothuroidea.html

» Sea Cucumbers - Taxing Problems
   Philip Lambert's article for the Royal British Columbia Museum about his research on the natural history of sea cucumbers.
   http://www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Natural_History/Invertebrates.aspx?id=264

» Staurocucumis liouvillei
   Photographs and information on this sea cucumber in the family Cucumariidae which often lives attached to a sponge.
   http://www.peterbrueggeman.com/nsf/fguide/echinodermata29.html

» Staurocucumis turqueti
   Photographs and information on this sea cucumber found in Antarctic waters.
   http://www.peterbrueggeman.com/nsf/fguide/echinodermata26.html

» Thyonella gemmata
   Taxonomy and photograph of this shallow-water sea cucumber.
   http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Thyonel_gemmat.htm