Web Directory

» Anatomical Terms of Location
   Article from Wikipedia describing the complex terminology necessary to be used when describing the anatomy of animals in order to avoid confusion.
   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location

» Animal Cells and Tissues: Organization of the Animal Body
   Notes by Michael J. Farabee on the structure and functions of each of the four major animal tissue types: epithelial, muscle, connective and bone.
   http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookAnimalTS.html

» Animal Diversity
   Gives the key anatomical characteristics of members of Phylum Hemichordata, Phylum Chordata and its Subphyla Urochordata, Cephalochordata and Vertebrata. Illustrated by slides.
   http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/science/biological_sciences/lab13/biolab13_3.html#Hemichordata

» Animal Organ Systems and Homeostasis
   Homeostasis describes the physical and chemical parameters that an organism must maintain to allow proper functioning of its component cells, tissues and organs.
   http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookANIMORGSYS.html

» Biological Diversity: Animals
   Outlines the evolutionary history of animal groups from the simple coelomates to the chordates and the various vertebrate classes, with diagrams and photographs.
   http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookDiversity_9.html

» Bone
   Article from Wikipedia describing the characteristics, functions and types of bone and how bone is formed.
   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone

» Breathing in Stegocephalians
   Most tetrapods breathe with the lungs that they inherited from their ancestors such as the coelacanth and lungfishes and this is probably also true of extinct groups of stegocephalians.
   http://tolweb.org/notes/?note_id=469

» Cardiovascular System: The Heart and Vessels
   Outlines the function of this system, its anatomy and physiology, and compares the mammalian organs with those of birds, amphibians, reptiles and fish.
   http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?cls=15&cat=1829&articleid=2951

» Chordata
   Information on the invertebrate members of the phylum Chordata, what they have in common, and the characteristics of the two subphyla, Urochordata and Cephalochordata.
   http://www.bumblebee.org/invertebrates/CHORDATA.htm

» Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates
   Educational and research resource with sections on ichthyology, herpetology, ornithology and mammalogy.
   http://cumv.bio.cornell.edu/

» Department of Vertebrate Zoology
   Information on the research and programs being undertaken at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History.
   http://vertebrates.si.edu/

» Guide to Animal Sounds on the Net
   Provides an index to animal sounds on the Web including birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish and insects.
   http://members.tripod.com/Thryomanes/AnimalSounds.html

» Hearing in Stegocephalians
   In this article, Michael Laurin outlines the anatomy and evolution of the outer, middle and inner ear in land vertebrates.
   http://tolweb.org/articles/?article_id=470

» Infrared Zoo
   Uses infrared photography to show the differences between warm and cold blooded animals.
   http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/image_galleries/ir_zoo/index.html

» Invertebrate Members of the Phylum Chordata
   Outlines the differences between the subphylum Vertebrata and the two subphyla, Urochordata and Cephalochordata.
   http://www.nhc.ed.ac.uk/index.php?page=24.25.312.314

» Life History of Stegocephalians
   Michael Laurin outlines the life history of tetrapods and extinct terrestrial vertebrates.
   http://tolweb.org/notes/?note_id=468

» Molecular Patterns of Sex Determination in the Animal Kingdom: a Comparative Study of the Biology of Reproduction
   Abstract from an article studying a variety of regulatory mechanisms that determine the sex of offspring in the animal kingdom.
   http://www.rbej.com/content/4/1/59

» Museum of Vertebrate Zoology Collections
   Searchable database of specimens that includes over 50,000 tissue samples for use in molecular analyses.
   http://mvz.berkeley.edu/

» Online Biology Book: Glossary
   Comprehensive list of the technical terms you are likely to come across, with cross references.
   http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookgloss.html

» Other Animal Sounds
   Clips recorded by Doug Von Gausig of the sounds made by various amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds.
   http://www.naturesongs.com/otheranimals.html

» Phylogeny of Stegocephalians
   Stegocephalians are tetrapods with digits rather than fins. Michael Laurin explores the relationship between the extant and the extinct members of this group.
   http://tolweb.org/articles/?article_id=467

» Phylum Hemichordata, Urochordata and Cephalochordata
   Illustrated description of these three phyla, and the three classes within Urochordata. Also information on the larval stages which form part of the plankton.
   http://www.mba.ac.uk/nmbl/publications/occpub/guide/section17.pdf

» Respiratory System
   Notes on external and internal respiration, ventilation, aquatic and aerial gas exchange in all classes of vertebrate.
   http://www.uta.edu/biology/2458lab/Exercise 36 Anatomy of the Respiratory System.pdf

» Sensory Systems in Amphioxus: A Window on the Ancestral Chordate Condition
   Abstract from a paper comparing the sensory systems of vertebrates with the less-developed systems of Amphioxus.
   http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15353907?dopt=Abstract

» Skulls: Structure and Function
   Though primarily designed to protect the brain, the architecture of an animal’s skull can help scientists to deduce many of its dietary and social patterns.
   http://www.calacademy.org/exhibits/skulls/structure_and_function.html

» Society for Northwestern Vertebrate Biology
   Devoted to the study of terrestrial vertebrates in the Pacific northwest. Offers publications and reference data.
   http://www.snwvb.org/

» Terrestrial Vertebrates
   Describes the principle characteristics of tetrapods, which have well defined joints and digits, their classification and phylogenetic relationships.
   http://tolweb.org/Terrestrial_Vertebrates/14952

» The Annual Symposium of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy
   Details of this year’s meeting of SVPCA and abstracts from presentations made in previous years.
   http://www.svpca.org/

» The Evolution of Left-Right Asymmetry in Chordates
   Article by Clive Boorman and Sebastian Shimeld discussing directional asymmetric morphology in which sidedness is fixed for a population, species or higher taxon.
   http://users.ox.ac.uk/~zool0615/My PDFs/BioEssays asymmetry review.pdf

» The Integument
   Notes on the functions and anatomy of skin and its evolution.
   http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio/courses/bio205/08_integument.html

» The Integument and its Derivatives
   These notes cover the dermis and epidermis including skin, beaks, nails, hooves, horns, hair, feathers, scales and teeth.
   http://www.zoology.ubc.ca/courses/bio204/lab5_frameset.htm

» The Society for Experimental Biology (SEB)
   SEB membership is open to scientists world-wide and the Animal Section is a thriving community of enthusiastic scientists working across diverse scientific fields.
   http://www.sebiology.org/

» The Vertebrate: Glossary
   Provides a comprehensive list of definitions of the technical terms likely to be met when studying the vertrebates.
   http://www.palaeos.com/Vertebrates/Lists/Glossary/Glossary.html

» The Vertebrates
   Notes on the classification structure of the Vertebrates with a cladogram to review the evolutionary relationships of the craniata.
   http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/V/Vertebrates.html

» Tissue Engineering
   Describes research at the National University of Ireland, Galway into developing methods of constructing organs in the laboratory that can subsequently be used in medical applications.
   http://www.nuigalway.ie/anatomy/tissue_engineering.html

» Vertebrate Zoology
   Lecture notes on the characteristics of the Phylum Chordata and the further characteristics of the classes of animals in the Subphylum Vertebrata.
   http://www.ossm.edu/biology/vzln.htm

» Will's Skull Page
   Features images and measurements of mammalian skulls as well as updates and related links.
   http://www.skullsite.co.uk/