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Top: Computers: Programming: Languages: Comparison_and_Review:
Comparison and Review (125)
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» 1% the Code 
Compares colorForth and C: Chuck Moore, father of Forth, expects colorForth applications to need only 1% the code of C programs. No code samples.
http://www.colorforth.com/1percent.html
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» 99 Bottles of Beer on the Wall
Shows source code implementation for the same simple program across over 250 different programming languages.
http://www.99-bottles-of-beer.net/
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» A Comparison between 10 Languages
Table compares 13 traits at top, 10 languages to side: BETA, C#, C++, C-Talk, Eiffel, Java, Object Pascal, Ruby, Sather, Smalltalk.
http://www.ntecs.de/old-hp/s-direktnet/langcomp.en.html
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» ACM "Hello, World" Project
List of the famous "Hello, World!" programming teaching program, in hundreds of different languages.
http://www2.latech.edu/~acm/HelloWorld.shtml
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» ASP vs. PHP
Brief text compares website building languages ASP, PHP on several points. [WebProNews]
http://www.webpronews.com/expertarticles/expertarticles/wpn-62-20051222ASPvsPHP.html
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» Accumulator Generator
Compares canonical solutions to same problem as code samples in: C++, Dylan, E, Erlang, Haskell, JavaScript, Lisp (Arc, Common, Goo, Scheme), Lua, Maple, Mathematica, Oz-Mozart, NewtonScript, Perl, Python, REBOL, Ruby, Smalltalk, VBScript. [Paul Graham]
http://www.paulgraham.com/accgen.html
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» Ada 95, Java, and C++
Some think Java is like C++. Usual C++ idioms do not apply to Java as it is not a C++ superset or subset; Java is a derivation with many modifications, extensions. Both language syntax are alike, but semantics and philosophy are very different. Java is ne
http://www.adahome.com/Resources/Languages/chart3.html
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» Ada and Java: Realtime Advantages
Compares C, Ada, Java, for flaws and strengths in realtime programming, embedded software, built-in support for multithreading; text, code samples. Embedded.com.
http://www.embedded.com/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=16100316
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» Ada, C, C++, and Java vs. The Steelman
Compares 4 programming languages (Ada 95, C, C++, Java) with the needs of "Steelman", original 1978 requirements document for Ada language. Big detailed table.
http://www.adahome.com/History/Steelman/steeltab.htm
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» Advanced Programming Language Design
Book compares over 70 languages, and main classes: imperative, functional, object-oriented, dataflow, concurrent, declarative, aggregate. By Raphael Finkel, Addison-Wesley.
http://www.awprofessional.com/catalog/product.asp?product_id={92E30B39-5D91-45F9-9919-D202BE6341F9}
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» An Empirical Comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl for a Search/string-processing Program
One set of requirements, 80 implementations, coded by 74 different programmers in various languages, compared for properties: run time, memory use, source text length, comment density, program structure, reliability, effort needed.
http://page.mi.fu-berlin.de/~prechelt/Biblio/jccpprtTR.pdf
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» Beyond Java?
Compares Java and Dylan, with examples from building two CORBA IDL compilers. Topics include: multiple inheritance, multi-argument dispatch, unified object model, extensible syntax. Several code examples.
http://www.functionalobjects.com/resources/beyond-java.phtml
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» C# Strikes a Chord
Compares 4 languages: C, C++, C#, Java. Shows family genealogy. [Dr. Dobb's Journal]
http://www.ddj.com/documents/s=875/ddj0065g/
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» C# from a Java Developer's Perspective
Thorough article by Dare Obasanjo, treats most similarities and differences between the two languages: features in Java and not in C#, and features in C# and not in Java. Text, tables, code, resources.
http://www.25hoursaday.com/CsharpVsJava.html
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» C#: A Language Alternative or Just J--?, Part 1
Compares C# to Java, describes features and design trade-offs, places C# in context of broader Microsoft .Net strategy. Text, tables, code samples, links. By Mark Johnson. First article of 2-part series. [JavaWorld]
http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-11-2000/jw-1122-csharp1.html
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» C++??: A Critique of C++ (3rd ed.)
A critical view on the C++ and C programming language.
http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/SOFTWARE/OO/tools/java/misc/ACritiqueOfC++.pdf
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» Comparing Development Costs of C and Ada
Article by Stephen F. Zeigler. Analysis of a case where most variables were controlled enough to make a comparison between development costs (time, error rates, code size, ...) of the 2 languages.
http://www.adaic.com/whyada/ada-vs-c/cada_art.html
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» Comparing Mercury and Haskell
Compares type systems, all text. Uses Haskell 98 since Mercury type system is more like Haskell than ML, and Haskell 98 is best documented, most well-known Haskell.
http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/research/mercury/information/comparison_with_haskell.html
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» Comparing PHP with Other Languages
Text compares several traits of ASP.NET, C#, PHP, Java, Lisp, Perl, Python, Ruby, Smalltalk. Article with forum posts. [Professional PHP]
http://www.procata.com/blog/archives/2006/02/09/comparing-php-with-other-languages/
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» Comparing Python and Ruby
Informal experiment on different look of Python and Ruby edit-distance programs; text, tables, download files.
http://ruby.brian-schroeder.de/editierdistanz/
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» Comparison of Oberon-2 with Modula-2
Short text summary of main features of Oberon-2; target audience: Modula-2 programmers unfamiliar with Oberon-2, but familiar with object-oriented and extensible programming concepts.
http://www.zel.org/oberon/compo2m2.htm
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» Comparisons of Tcl with Other Systems
Many comparisons between Tcl/Tk and other similar systems, most copied from comp.lang.tcl.
http://www.mathematik.uni-ulm.de/sai/ss96/uxdb2/comparison.html
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» Contrast Ruby and Other Languages
Ruby vs Perl, Python, Tcl, Java, Eiffel, C++. Very short, some humor. English, Japanese version.
http://www.math.sci.hokudai.ac.jp/~gotoken/ruby/compar.shtml
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» D vs Other Languages
Yes-No table with definitions compares D, C, C++, C#, Java, on: GC, functions, arrays, OOP, performance, reliability, compatibility, conditional compiling. [Digital Mars]
http://www.digitalmars.com/d/comparison.html
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» Developer's Dilemma: Perl or PHP?
By Joe "Zonker" Brockmeier. How to choose between two languages that are both very popular for Web development? Text, forum comments. [NewsFactor]
http://www.newsfactor.com/perl/story/19912.html
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» Does C# Measure Up?
Compares 6 aspects of .NET, C#, C, C++, D, Java; in text, tables. Format: 2 articles as one PDF download. [Windows Developer Network]
http://www.windevnet.com/wdn/webextra/2003/0313/
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» Dylan Competitive Analysis
Compares Dylan, Smalltalk, Objective-C, C/C++. Long document.
http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~brd/cs212/handouts/comparison.htm
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» Eiffel and Delphi Compared
Text compares differences of several main aspects.
http://www.berenddeboer.net/eiffel/eiffel_and_delphi.html
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» Forth Versus C
Pro-Forth question and answer text, some questions have several answers.
http://www.inventio.co.uk/forthvsc.htm
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» Forth and Not C
Pro-Forth text explains why C is used more than Forth.
http://www.inventio.co.uk/forthnc.htm
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» Fortran 90 vs. Ada 95
Compares Ada 95 to Fortran 90 via code samples, text. Well reasoned and written, many examples. Finds Ada equal or better than Fortran in all aspects but one marginal trait.
http://fedelma.astro.univie.ac.at/web/fortran90_ada95.html
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» Four-fold Increase in Productivity and Quality
Published internal study, of Ericsson AXD 301 ATM switch project, using Erlang, C, C++, Java. Results: programmer productivity, code error rates, roughly proportional to source code size.
http://www.erlang.se/publications/Ulf_Wiger.pdf
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» Guidelines for Choosing a Computer Language: Support for the Visionary Organizations
Multipage study compares: 4GL/5GL, 3GL (Ada 95, C, C++, COBOL, FORTRAN, Java, Smalltalk), 2GL (Assembly). Divides language (definition) from traits of products that implement and support it. Several sections, tables, appendixes.
http://archive.adaic.com/docs/reports/lawlis/content.htm
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» HOPL: An Interactive Roster of Programming Languages
History of Programming Languages encyclopedia, over 8,500 languages, full verified references, code samples, big bibliography, biographical-institutional material, 4,000 language family tree.
http://hopl.murdoch.edu.au/
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» In Search of the Ideal Programming Language
Article by Sergey Polak. Review and comparison programming languages in search expressive, extensible, readable, safe, portable language.
http://members.aol.com/SergeyP/paper.html
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» Inferno/Limbo vs. JavaOS/Java
A small overview of the differences between Inferno/Limbo and JavaOS/Java.
http://www.cs.hut.fi/~kny/inferno/compare.html
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» Informal Language Comparison Chart(s)
Links, and table comparing Ruby, Objective-C, Smalltalk-80 (old), SmallScript (Smalltalk-98 dialect), JavaScript 2.0 (ECMA Script), C#, C++, Java, Python, CLOS.
http://www.smallscript.org/Language%20Comparison%20Chart.asp
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» Io Comparisons
Compares a few variables (size, speed, syntax) in many languages: Brain, C, Cel, F-Script, Forth (gForth, pForth), Icon, Java (Kaffe), Lisp (CLisp, Guile, LispMe, Scheme48), Lua, Perl, Pike, Python, Ruby, Self, Smalltalk (GNU, Squeak, SuperCollider), Tcl.
http://www.iolanguage.com/about/simplicity/
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» Is Ada a Better C?
Compares Ada, C, C++, language facilities under DOS. Copy of article, originally titled "Ada Better Than C++?" Text and code samples. [EXE magazine]
http://www.beesknees.freeserve.co.uk/articles/ada-vs-cpp.html
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» Java Benchmark
By Rene Grothmann. Compares sieve algorithm in Java and C/C++. Text, tables, live comparison applet.
http://mathsrv.ku-eichstaett.de/MGF/homes/grothmann/java/bench/Bench.html
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» Java and C++ Resource Management Comparison
Detailed discussion of the techniques used in Java and C++ to implement leak free and exception safe resource management. Covers memory management, finalizers, destructors and finally blocks with examples.
http://www.fatalmind.com/paper/java_vs_cplusplus/resource.pdf
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» Java and C-sharp Compared
Briefly compares several traits; text, code samples.
http://www.csharphelp.com/archives/archive96.html
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» Java and Smalltalk Syntax Compared
Table and notes compare some elements of syntax of Java 1.1 to Smalltalk-80.
http://www.chimu.com/publications/JavaSmalltalkSyntax.html
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» Java vs. C#
Code for code comparison. All features on both languages are compared.
http://www.javacamp.org/javavscsharp/index.html
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» Java vs. JavaScript
Compares similarities, differences. By First Step Communications.
http://www.firststep.com.au/education/solid_ground/javadiff.html
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» Language Options Comparison
Compares scripting language feature options, in various categories. Pros and cons given for each feature variant. Text, code samples, table.
http://www.geocities.com/tablizer/langopts.htm
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» Languages Versus D
Growing table compares D, C, C++, C#, Java, Delphi, Python, Perl, Eiffel, Sather, Smalltalk, Lisp/CLOS, Ada. Many clarifying comments below. [Wiki4D, Open Content]
http://www.prowiki.org/wiki4d/wiki.cgi?LanguagesVersusD
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» Lisp as an Alternative to Java
Ron Garret / Erann Gat comparison, starts from 1999 Prechelt study results, adds many insights; as text, a few tables. [Intelligence]
http://www.flownet.com/gat/papers/lisp-java.pdf
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» PLEAC: Programming Language Examples Alike Cookbook
Suite of common programming problems solved in Ada, C++, Erlang, Guile, Haskell, Java, Masd, merd, NASM, Objective Caml, Perl, Pliant, Python, Ruby, Tcl.
http://pleac.sourceforge.net/
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» Perl vs. Python vs. Ruby
Comparison with text, code samples, many reader comments. Michael Tsai weblog.
http://mjtsai.com/blog/2002/11/25/perl_vs_python_vs_ruby/
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» Popular Programming Languages
Long text table compares many languages by brief descriptions matched to common tasks.
http://www.scriptol.org/choose.php
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» Programmers: Otters with Rocks?
Discusses historical move from low level languages to higher level interpreted ones, productivity, future developments. Active feedback response. [ZDNet News]
http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-529641.html
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» Programming Information from HB
Text descriptions compare C/C++, Java, Pascal, Basic, VeraStream; Oracle; HTML, XML; JavaScript, PHP.
http://www.cybercomm.nl/~broers/programming.html
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» Programming Language Benchmarks
Compares the same program in Ada, C, Forth, FORTRAN, Java, Lisp, Perl, R, Ruby. Goal: support decisions in language choice for making compute-intensive Web programs. Text, table, code samples.
http://dan.corlan.net/bench.html
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» Programming Language Categories
Brief text compares 6 basic language types: general scripting, programmer scripting, application development, low-level, pure functional, complete core.
http://www.cs.oberlin.edu/~jwalker/languageCategories.html
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» Programming Language Comparison
Table and text compares many features of some popular object-oriented languages: C++, C#, Eiffel, Java, Perl, Python, Ruby, Smalltalk, Visual Basic.
http://www.jvoegele.com/software/langcomp.html
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» Programming Language Critiques
Annotated links to critiques (Older version, by original author)
http://www.ai.mit.edu/people/pdp8/critiques/critiques.html
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» Programming Languages Mini-howto
Briefly compares major Linux programming languages: C, C++, Fortran, Java, Lisp, Perl, PHP, Python, Tcl; by Risto S. Varanka.
http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Programming-Languages.html
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» Programming Languages Study
Includes: diagram, history of languages; history of language concepts; syntax across languages; Scriptometer measures scripting ease of languages; mutability and sharing of various values in various languages.
http://merd.sourceforge.net/pixel/language-study/
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» Programming Languages Table
Table showing the approximate number of logical source statements (not physical lines of code) that roughly correlate with a single function point.
http://www.theadvisors.com/langcomparison.htm
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» Qtime Collection, FTP Download, Gzipped
Display time as English sentence, coded in: AWK, C, ICI, Icon, JavaScript, Lite/mSQL, PHP3, Pike, Python, REBOL, Rexx, Ruby, SLang, Spanner. Tested on only Linux (all) and AmigaOS (C and Rexx versions).
ftp://www.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/devel/lang/misc/
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» Quantifying the Debate: Ada vs. C++
Tables and text compare Ada 83/95, C, C++; mainly costs, reliability. By Donald J. Reifer. [CrossTalk]
http://www.stsc.hill.af.mil/crosstalk/1996/07/quantify.asp
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» Ray Tracer Language Comparison
Mini ray tracer benchmark written equivalently in C++, Java, SML, Objective Caml, Lisp, Scheme. Compares verbosity, performance; text, code samples, tables, image, graph. [Flying Frog Consultancy]
http://www.ffconsultancy.com/free/ray_tracer/languages.html
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» Reasons for TOM
TOM attempts to address flaws in these languages: C++, Cecil, Common Lisp, Eiffel, Java, Objective-C, Smalltalk.
http://gerbil.org/tom/doc/why.shtml
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» Sun's Comparison of Language Features
Table graphic, uses good-fair-poor metric, compares Java, Smalltalk, Tcl, Perl, Shells, C, C++.
http://www.npac.syr.edu/users/gcf/cps616java96/foilsepimagedir/023IMAGE.html
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» Syntax Across Languages
Operator names and syntax elements in various programming languages.
http://merd.net/pixel/language-study/syntax-across-languages.html
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» TIOBE Programming Community Index: TPCI
Updated monthly. Shows language popularity via world-wide availability of skilled engineers, courses, 3rd party vendors. Calculated from search engines Google, MSN, Yahoo.
http://www.tiobe.com/tpci.htm
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» TMXxine Languages
Brief comparison Curl with High Level assembler, BCX, Dark Basic, Mono (C#/.Net implementation), Python, Squeak, XBasic/XBlite. Curl applet examples.
http://www.cyber-shaktipat.org/relax/languages.html
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» TUNES Project: Programming Languages
Over 200 languages described, mostly original commentary, many deep insights, over 1,000 links. [Open Content]
http://cliki.tunes.org/Programming%20Languages
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» Tcl Advocacy
Table, text, links compare Tcl, Perl, Python, JavaScript, Visual Basic.
http://www.tcl.tk/advocacy/
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» The BNF Web Club Language
Browse, explore some programming language syntax rules, see relations between rules, understand them via BNF (Backus-Naur Form notation) and syntactic diagrams: SQL, PL/SQL, SQL2, IDL; Ada 95, Java, Modula-2; Lazy, Lisp, M5.
http://cui.unige.ch/db-research/Enseignement/analyseinfo/
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» The C Family of Languages
Interview with Dennis Ritchie, Bjarne Stroustrup, James Gosling.
http://www.gotw.ca/publications/c_family_interview.htm
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» The Case against C
Five short essays compare C (and C++ by extension) to Fortran: Why C is Not a Good Numerical Language, Why C is Not a Good First Language, C's Poor Loop Constructs, C's Pointers and Optimisation, Optimisation through Directives.
http://www.tcm.phy.cam.ac.uk/~mjr/C/
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» The Computer Language Shootout Benchmarks
Performance measurements and source code for ~25 benchmark programs in ~25 languages; with side-by-side comparisons for any 2 programming languages, and an interactive weighted ranking for all the languages.
http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/
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» The Quine Page
Collection of self-reproducing programs: each outputs a copy of its own source code; about 60 languages.
http://www.nyx.net/~gthompso/quine.htm
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» The ROT13 Page
ROT13 implemented in many programming languages.
http://www.miranda.org/~jkominek/rot13/
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» The Zen of Python
Compares traits of many languages, without naming any; by Tim Peters.
http://www.awaretek.com/zen.html
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» Timing Trials, or, the Trials of Timing: Experiments with Scripting and User-Interface Languages
By Brian Kernighan, Christopher Van Wyk. Compares how fast C, Awk, Perl, Tcl, Java, Visual Basic, Limbo, Scheme, run a range of representative tasks. Text, tables, graphs, code samples.
http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/bwk/interps/pap.html
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» To VB or Not to VB
Links to many comparisons: Visual Basic, VB.Net; Delphi, C#.
http://www.shagrouni.com/english/software/vbnot.html
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» Water Comparisons
Two medium length documents compare object-oriented languages: Water with ConciseXML syntax, to JSP (JavaServer Pages) and Java; 1 brief list compares Water to PHP.
http://waterlanguage.org/Comparisons.html
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» What I Hate About Your Programming Language
Text treats general aspects of language choices, then compares hatred of Perl, Python, Ruby, PHP, Java, C, C++, JavaScript, XSLT, SQL. With many forum comments. [ONLamp.com]
http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/onlamp/2003/05/12/languagephilosophy.html
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» What Languages Fix
Compares many languages in brief text, describes each by the problem it fixes. [Paul Graham]
http://paulgraham.com/fix.html
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» What's Wrong with Perl
Author explains what he considers wrong about Perl, presents Python as an alternative. Descriptions, code samples, links.
http://www.garshol.priv.no/download/text/perl.html
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» Why Tcl is Better than Perl
Says Tcl is simpler, more maintainable, has superior GUI interface; Perl is hard to maintain and embed, thread unsafe, complex to learn. No code samples, tables, graphs.
http://www.tcl.tk/advocacy/perl.html
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» Why to Move from ASM to C
Brief text compares Assembly to C; lower to higher level language. ScienceProg.
http://www.scienceprog.com/why-to-move-from-asm-to-c/
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Last Updated: 2006-10-10 09:31:09
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